Tá na tuisil seo a leanas ag an ainmfhocal sa Ghaeilge:
The noun in Irish has the following cases:
ainmneach/cuspóireach
nominative/accusative
ginideach
genitive
gairmeach
vocative
tabharthach
dative
An tuiseal ainmneach agus an tuiseal cuspóireach
The nominative case and the accusative case
Is ionann foirm don tuiseal ainmneach agus don tuiseal cuspóireach sa Ghaeilge.
Nouns in the nominative case and in the accusative case have the same form in Irish.
Bíonn ainmfhocal nó forainm (e.g. sé, sí) sa tuiseal ainmneach má bhíonn sé ina ainmní ag briathar/abairt, i.e. má chuireann sé in iúl cén duine nó cén rud a rinne an gníomh atá i gceist sa bhriathar.
A noun or a pronoun (e.g. he, she) is in the nominative case if it is the subject of a verb/sentence, i.e. if it tells us who or what committed the act expressed by the verb.
Tháinig Síle inné ach d’imigh sí ar maidin arís.
Síle arrived yesterday but she left again this morning.
Tagann an fear sin anseo ar saoire go minic.
That man often comes here on holiday.
Bíonn ainmfhocal nó forainm sa tuiseal cuspóireach nuair a bhíonn sé ina chuspóir san abairt, i.e. nuair a chuireann sé in iúl cén duine nó cén rud a ndéantar an gníomh air.
A noun or a pronoun (e.g. he, she) is in the accusative case when it is the object in the sentence, i.e. if it refers to the person or thing which is affected by the act.
Thóg mé an leabhar agus chuir mé i mo mhála é.
I took the book and I put it in my bag.
An tuiseal ginideach
The genitive case
Nuair a bhíonn ainmfhocal á cháiliú ag ainmfhocal eile gan réamhfhocal ar bith a bheith eatarthu, bíonn an dara hainmfhocal (an cáilitheoir) sa tuiseal ginideach. Is minic a chuireann an ginideach seilbh in iúl ach bíonn feidhm aidiachtúil ag an nginideach in amanna, agus úsáidtear i ndiaidh an ainm bhriathartha é fosta.
When a noun qualifies another noun and there is no preposition between them, the second noun (the qualifier) is in the genitive case. The genitive often expresses possession but sometimes a noun in the genitive acts as an adjective, and the genitive is also used after a verbal noun.
teach Sheáin
Seán’s house
bróga leathair
leather shoes
ag caitheamh an airgid
spending the money